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But just how do you create a system Which Has a decentralized ledger How can you give someone the ability to upgrade the ledger without giving them a lot of powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves that in a very creative way I like to call Who Wants to Be a Banker
In short, anyone who wants to participate in updating the ledger of Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do so. Whatever you need is to suppose a random number that solves an equation generated by the computer system. Sounds easy, right
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Obviously, this guessing is done by your PC. The stronger your computer is, the more guesses you can create in one second, increasing your chances of winning this match. If you manage to guess correctly, you earn bitcoins and have to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining pc comes up with the right guess, your mining program determines which of the current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this block represents the moment of glory, as youve now become a temporary banker of Bitcoin who has to upgrade the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve generated, along with the solution, is sent to the whole network so other computers can validate it. Its somewhat much like some Rubiks cube: The solution is quite hard to attain but quite easy to validate.
3. Every computer that validates your solution updates its copy of the Bitcoin transaction ledger with the transactions you chose to include in the block.
4. The system generates a fixed amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and rewards them as compensation for the time and energy you spent solving the math problem.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees which were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. All the transactions in the block youve just entered are now confirmed by the Bitcoin network and are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining because of the fact that this procedure helps mine new Bitcoins from the system. But if you think about it, the mining part is merely a by-product of the transaction confirmation process. So that the name is a bit misleading, since the main objective of mining is to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a type of guessing, for each block, a different miner will guess the number and here also be granted the right to update the blockchain. Obviously, that the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but on account of the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the same miner will succeed every time. .
Now you know what Bitcoin mining is, you might be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the rules for mining in a way that the further mining energy the network gets, the harder it is to imagine the answer to the mining mathematics issue. So the difficulty of this mining method is actually self-adjusting to the gathered mining capability the network owns. .
If more miners join, it is going to get harder to address the issue; if many of them drop off, it will get easier. This is known as mining difficulty.
Now, rememberthis is on average. We can have two cubes being added minute after minute and then wait an hour to the next block. In the long run, this will even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this kind of self-adjusting mechanism has made a sort of arms race to acquire the most efficient and powerful miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a lot of miners out there. In reality, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and also his friend Hal Finney were a couple of the only individuals mining Bitcoin back in the time with their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining issue was reduced. As Bitcoin began to catch on, folks looked for more potent mining solutions.